M.Tech Course - Check Course Fees, Admission, Duration, Eligibility, Subjects, Syllabus, Jobs & Salary 2023

Engineering is one of the most popular career paths opted by most students (science stream students) after completing their higher secondary education. Most candidates join a B.Tech or B.E program to become Engineers and then they start working right after their B.Tech/B.E graduation but sometimes due to lack of in-depth knowledge and specialization, most of the graduates end up working in mediocre job positions with unsatisfactory pay scales. It happens to most of the B.Tech graduates in India as we all are familiar with the current situation of Engineers in India.

Highlights of M.Tech Course

M.Tech Full-Form	Master of Technology
M.Tech Course Duration	2 Years
M.Tech Eligibility Criteria	50%-60% in B.Tech /M.Sc/BCA
Popular Specializations	Aerospace Engineering, Computer Science Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Software Engineering, Embedded Systems, VLSI Design, Biotechnology, Automobile Engineering, Civil Engineering, Automobile Engineering
M.Tech Entrance Exams	GATE, UPSEEE, IPU CET, OJEE, AP PGECET, BITSAT  etc.
Degree Required	B.Tech/MCA/B.E/ M.Sc/Other equivalent degrees
Average Course Fee	Rs 50,000 to Rs 2.5 Lacs
Average Salary Offered	Rs 5 L.P.A- Rs 6.74 L.P.A
Employment Roles	Senior Software Engineer, Design Engineer,  Software Engineer, Assistant Professor, Software Developer, Programmer, etc.
Placement Opportunities	Wipro, Tata Consultancy Services Limited(TCS), Infosys Limited, International Business Machines (IBM) Corp., Cognizant Technology Solutions Corp, HCL Technologies Ltd., etc.

Details of M.Tech Course:

The students having higher qualifications, extensive knowledge, and skills are the only ones who can win this rat race. So you need to upskill yourself and get a higher degree in your forte. We, as a Career Guidance portal, suggest every B.Tech graduate candidate pursue a higher degree as the engineering-technology industry is currently all about "the survival of the fittest ''. As per our observation, The best and most popular higher degree opted by the B.Tech graduates is Master of Technology (M.Tech), if you are also thinking to level up your CV, then an M.Tech Course will be the best course choice for your higher education.

It is a Master of Technology postgraduation course. It is 2 years of Engineering & Technology program. The students who have completed a B.E/B.Tech Courses are eligible to apply for this course. This course is offered in numerous specializations such as Computer Science Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Power Engineering, VLSI Design, Artificial Intelligence, and many more. The candidates can choose their specialization as per their interests. Few basic eligibility criteria need to be fulfilled by the candidate to pursue this course. There are good chances of getting better job opportunities and salary packages after an M.Tech Course, in other words, after completing it a candidate becomes more skilled and qualified to work in the fast-moving industry.

M.Tech Course Specializations:

Aerospace Engineering	Computer Integrated Manufacturing
Air Armament	Computer Science Technology
Alloy Technology	Construction Engineering & Management
Applied Electronics	Construction Technology
AquaCultural Engineering	Control Systems
Bio Mineral Engineering	Cyber Security
Biomedical Engineering	Digital Electronics & Communication Systems
CAD/CAM	Digital System & Signal Processing
Ceramic engineering	Earthquake Engineering
Communication systems	Electrical Devices & Power systems
Computer Engineering	Energy Engineering
Computer Network Engineering	Energy Systems Engineering
Engineering Design	Mining Engineering
Engineering Physics	Nanotechnology
Environmental Engineering	Nuclear Engineering
Fluid Dynamics	Petroleum Engineering
Food Biotechnology	Power Electronics
Geotechnical Engineering	Robotics
Industrial Engineering	Production Engineering
Leather Technology	Renewable Engineering
Machine Design	Textile Engineering
Marine Engineering	Thermal Engineering
Material Science & Engineering	Transportation Engineering

M Tech Course Duration:

As already discussed, the course duration of a Master of Technology (M.Tech Course) course is 2 years as per AICTE rules and regulations. An M.Tech degree with less than 2 years will not be considered valid in India.

MTech Eligibility Criteria:

The basic M.Tech eligibility criteria required to be fulfilled by every candidate to get admission into the Engineering colleges in India are as follows :

• The candidate must have completed his/her graduate in B.E/B.Tech from a UGC & AICTE approved college/university.
• The candidate must have scored at least aggregate 50%-60% marks in their B.Tech graduation.
• Candidates who have completed an M.Sc degree in relevant streams such as Computer Science, Mathematics, Science, Information Technology, or any other similar stream are also eligible to apply for an M.Tech Course.
• Candidates having an MCA degree are also eligible to apply for admission into the M.Tech specializations such as Computer science & Engineering, Data Science, etc.

M.Tech Admission Criteria / M.Tech Admissions 2023:

Admission to the M.Tech program is based either on the entrance examination score or merit marks obtained by the candidate in the graduation examinations. Most reputed colleges ask for a  valid GATE Entrance Exam score to grant admission into the M.Tech program. On the other hand, many private colleges provide admission based on the candidate’s performance in the graduation examinations.

Merit-Based Admissions:

• Many Engineering colleges provide admissions based on the candidate’s performance in the qualifying examinations. Such colleges consider your B.Tech marks. A merit list is prepared according to the candidates’ marks in graduation, the final admissions will be based on the final merit list.
• To check the details related to the admission procedure, the candidate can visit the official website of the desired college.
• After checking out the details, make sure that your profile matches the eligibility requirements of the college. Then register on the college's website and fill the online application course.
• Upload your documents and complete the application process by paying the application fee.
• Keep checking the college or university's cut-off list/merit list regularly.

Note: Admission of applications can be availed either from the University website or by visiting the Admissions Office of the same. Applicants are advised to have a look at the list of Entrance Exams for M.Tech from various universities.

M.Tech Entrance Based Admissions:

• Most renowned and prestigious engineering colleges grant admission based on the national, state, or university level entrance examination score. GATE is the most popular M.Tech exam accepted by most colleges.
• To get admission to such colleges you need to qualify for the required entrance examination. First, you need to visit the college's website and check the required entrance examination. Now apply for the entrance exam by visiting the university's official website or other conducting authority's official website.
• Register yourselves with the website, fill the application form and appear in the entrance exam.
• After the result declaration, Qualified candidates will be called for counseling and admission seats will be allotted during the counseling session.

List of M.Tech Entrance Exams:

To get admission into a reputed engineering college for an M.Tech Course, the candidate needs a valid score in the GATE Entrance Exam. It is accepted by most of the M.Tech Colleges in India. However, there are some universities such as  APJ. Abdul Kalam Technical University, GGSIPU, Andhra University, and many others also grant admission based on their university entrance test. Candidates who are not able to qualify for the GATE can try to apply for their university-based entrance test and get admission by qualifying for the respective entrance test.

M.Tech Entrance Exam	Conducting Body
GATE	Indian Institute of Technology
UPSEEE	Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University
IPU CET	Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
TS PGECET	Osmania University, Hyderabad on behalf of Telangana State Council of Higher Education (TSCHE)
OJEE	Orissa Joint Entrance Examination Board
AP PGECET	Andhra University
BITSAT	Birla Institute of Technical Science
KIITEE	Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology
BHU PET	Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi
TANCET	Anna University, Chennai

Top M.Tech Colleges in India:

Are you planning to pursue an M.Tech Degree? Here’s a Pro-tip for you - Check the accreditations and recognitions of the chosen college. The colleges approved by AICTE and UGC are the ones that offer you a valid M.Tech degree. Apart from this, if you are searching for a reputed college then you can check the accreditations by NAAC (National Assessment & Accreditation Council) and NBA (National Bureau of Accreditation) provided to the college.

All the reputed colleges are usually accredited by these two accreditation forums. You can also select the top college by going through the NIRF ranking list. Every Year NIRF (National Institutional Ranking Forum), MHRD releases a list of best Engineering colleges across India as per their ranking. To make this more convenient for you, we are mentioning the list of Top 10 Colleges in India as per the NIRF Ranking forum.

List of Top M.Tech Colleges as per NIRF Rankings:

Top M.Tech Colleges	NIRF Ranking
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras	1
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi	2
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay	3
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur	4
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur	5
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee	6
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati	7
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad	8
National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tiruchirapalli	9
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indore	10

List of Top Private M.Tech Colleges in India as per NIRF Rankings:

Top Private M.Tech Colleges	NIRF Ranking
Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore	15
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore	20
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala	29
Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS) Pilani	30
Amity University, Noida	32
Siksha "O" Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar	34
SASTRA (Deemed to be University), Thanjavur	37
Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi	38
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai	41
Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar	42

M.Tech Course Fee:

Engineering Courses are quite expensive than other courses, if you have decided to pursue an M.Tech Course from a private college then get ready to lighten up your pockets, because private colleges have a high fee structure as compared to public/government colleges & universities. Many engineering colleges in India are literally looting the students and their parents in the name of quality education, infrastructure, and placement offers. Such colleges claim to provide you with the best education facilities and placement just to lure you into their trap. So it is better to do thorough research rather than fall bait to such colleges. We advise you to check the accreditations, approvals, and reviews of the college before applying for admission.

For your reference, Below we have mentioned them tech courses, fees of Top M.Tech Colleges in India (Public & Private):

Top M.Tech Colleges	Average Course Fee
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras	Rs 4.18 Lacs
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi	Rs 2.66 Lacs
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay	Rs 53,400
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur	Rs 4.19 Lacs
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur	Rs 4.43 Lacs
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee	Rs 45,750
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati	Rs 4.04 Lacs
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad	Rs 1.60 Lacs
National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tiruchirapalli	Rs 1.69 Lacs
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Indore	Rs 1.09 Lacs

Top Private M.Tech Colleges	Avg. Course Fee
Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore	Rs 3.63 Lacs
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore	Rs 3.56 Lacs
Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala	Rs 3.57 Lacs
Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS) Pilani	Rs 8.43 Lacs
Amity University, Noida	Rs 2.80 Lacs
Siksha "O" Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar	Rs 3 Lacs
SASTRA (Deemed to be University), Thanjavur	Rs 2.98 Lacs
Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi	Rs 4.86 Lacs
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai	Rs 3.20 Lacs
Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar	Rs 5.51 Lacs

Reason to do M.Tech Course:

• A Plethora of Options: There are various specializations offered under an M.Tech Program. Candidates can choose among various domains of the specialization (As per their B.Tech stream). For eg- A mechanical Engineer can choose among various specializations such as Robotics, Mechatronics, Artificial Intelligence, Thermal Engineering, Manufacturing Engineering, Product Design & Development, etc.
• Better Career Opportunities: A B.Tech degree will help you get a job in your desired college but pursuing an m tech courses will allow you to gain more knowledge along with the subsequent skill sets which in turn will help you to get better career opportunities and good salary packages.
• Become a Researcher: There is a broad scope for higher studies. An M.Tech graduate can pursue a Doctoral degree in any specialization associated with the discipline of technology. If you want to pursue your career in the research and development field, then an M.Tech degree is mandatory to be obtained to continue your further studies in the field of R&D.
• Good Payscale: As per records, the average salary package of an M.Tech graduate in India falls between Rs 5 L.P.A to Rs 6.74 L.P.A. Hence. Holding a Master's degree from a reputed university is always going to help you in your career journey. The more you educate yourself, the more you will earn.

Who Should Do an M.Tech Course?

• Candidates who have a keen interest in Science, technology and have a zeal to contribute to the latest innovations, such candidates are a perfect fit for anm tech courses.
• Candidates who wish to earn high paychecks should pursue an M.Tech degree as an m tech courses promises better career opportunities and higher salary packages. A higher degree in a relevant discipline will always help you to make more money.
• Candidates who have a creative, critical thinking, and innovative mindset are perfect for an M.Tech Course.
• If you are someone who likes to come forward with modern solutions to technical problems, then an m tech courses will help you to polish your problem-solving skills.

Career Opportunities After M.Tech Course:

After completing your post-graduation in Engineering, You can find various job opportunities in the private as well as Government/Public sectors. Moreover, you can also apply for Teaching jobs in Schools and colleges. There is an enormous Career Scope After M.Tech Course. Once you obtain an M.Tech degree along with the required knowledge and skillsets, you will become eligible to apply for jobs in giant tech- companies such as Infosys, Cognizant, Wipro, L&T, etc. Such companies are always interested in hiring skilled M.Tech graduates for various job positions such as:

Job Profiles After M.tech Course:

Specialization	Job Profiles
Electrical/ Electronics & Communication Engineering	Production Manager, Programme Analyst, Electronics Hardware Development Engineer, Product Line Engineer, Field Engineer, Electronics Technician, Network Planning Engineer, Electronics Engineer
Aerospace Engineering	Aerospace Designer Checker Aircraft production managers Mechanical design engineers Assistant technical officers Thermal design engineers
Biotechnology/Biomedical Engineering	Biomedical Engineer, Instrument Engineer, Maintenance Engineer, Researcher, Installation Engineer, etc.
Chemical Engineering	Chemical Engineer, Chemical System Coordinator, Fire & Safety Officer, Technical Service Engineer, Professor, Analytical Chemist, Materials Engineer, Environmental Engineer, Energy Manager, Manufacturing Engineer, Environmental Engineer, etc.
Computer Science & IT	Web Developer, Game Developer, Data Scientist, Network Security Engineer, Cloud Engineer, Big Data Engineer, Multimedia Programmer, Machine Learning Engineer, Data Scientist, Full-stack Developer, Network Security Engineer, Testing Engineer, IT Analyst, Database Administrator, Computer Support Analyst, Computer Support Specialist, Computer Network Architect, etc.
Mechanical Engineering	Aerospace Engineer, Maintenance Engineer, Automotive Engineer, Control & Instrumentation Engineer, Contracting Civil Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Project Engineer, Production Engineer, etc.
Civil Engineering	Civil Engineer, Senior Engineer, Construction Plant Engineer, Construction Project Engineers, Planning Engineer, Urban Planner, Transportation Engineer, Structural Engineer, Geotechnical Engineer etc.

Job Positions After M.Tech Course:

• Assistant Engineers
• Chief Engineer
• Executive Engineers
• Engineering Technologist
• Quality Testing & Assurance Engineers
• Director of Public Works
• Electrical Product Design Engineer
• Independent Consultants
• Development & Test Engineers
• Lecturer

Top Employment Areas for M.Tech Graduates:

• Automobile Industry
• Chemical Industry
• IT Companies
• Consultancy Firms
• Defense Services
• Hospitals
• Pharmaceutical Industry
• Diagnostic Centres
• Housing & Urban Development
• Power Plants
• Space Research Organizations
• Teaching Institutions
• Quality Testing Laboratories
• Oil Exploration & Refining

Top Recruiting Companies for M.Tech Graduates:

Various companies in India are actually dealing in various fields of Technology. Engineers are the reason for the innovation and advancement of the country.

Specialization	Recruiting Companies
Electrical/ Electronics & Communication Engineering	Godrej, Essar, Ashok Leyland, Philips, John Deere, Seimens, Bajaj Electrical Ltd., Adani Power Ltd., Schindler Electricals, Havells, Crompton Greaves, Wipro Lighting Corporate, etc.
Biotechnology/Biomedical Engineering	Nestle, Biocon, Panacea, Baxter, Piramal, Glenmark, Ranbaxy, Cipla, Cognizant Technology Solution Corp, Lupin, Aurobindo, Dr. Reddy's, Lupin, Bharat Biotech, Indian Immunologicals Ltd (IIL), Abbott, etc.
Chemical Engineering	Indian Oil, Bharat Petroleum, Hindustan Unilever, Tata Chemicals, Pepsico, Schlumberger Limited, Oil, and Natural Gas Corporation Limited, GlaxoSmithKline, Reliance Industries Ltd., Gujarat Alkalies & Chemicals Ltd, Johnson Matthey, etc.
Computer Science & IT	TCS, Wipro, Adobe, Microsoft, Yahoo, Amazon, Deloitte, CGI, Mindtree, Infosys, Cognizant, Google, IBM, Mphasis, HP, HCL, IGATE, Accenture, ACT Networks, Capgemini, NIIT Technologies, etc.
Mechanical Engineering	Bosch , Renault- Nissan , Hyundai , Royal Enfield , Hero Motocorp , TATA Group ,, Godrej , Larsen & Toubro ,Thermax ,Ashok Leyland , Kirloskar ,ThyssenKrupp , Mahindra & Mahindra etc.
Civil Engineering	Quantum, Mahindra & Mahindra, Amrapali groups, Larsen & Toubro, Indian Army, Afcons Infrastructure, GMR Infrastructure, DLF, Larsen & Toubro, Vizag Steel Plant, ONGC, SAIL, Unitech, TATA, Hindustan Construction Company, etc.

Salary Packages for M.Tech Graduates:

Salary after an M.Tech Course depends on various factors such as course specialization, Job profile, Job Position, knowledge & skill sets acquired by the candidate, etc. The Course specialization is the most important factor that affects the salary of the M.Tech graduate. For eg: The average salary of an Aerospace engineer is higher than that of a Mechanical Engineer.

The reason is the demand, aerospace engineers are high in demand and less in no. whereas Mechanical engineer is the most commonly opted engineering field and there are fewer jobs in this field than the actual remuneration of Mechanical Engineers. This example justifies the role your M.Tech specialization plays in getting you a good-paying job. To make your course decision more significant, we are mentioning the Average Salary After M.Tech Courses divided based on specializations:

M.Tech Specialization	Average Salary
Aerospace Engineering	Rs 5,66,000 to Rs 8,15,000
Mechanical Engineering	Rs 3,00,000 to Rs 18,00,000
Automobile Engineering
Computer & Science Engineering	Rs 3,60,000 to Rs 15,00,000
Information Technology
Electrical and Electronics Engineering	Rs 3,00,000 to Rs 12,00,000
Electronics and Communication Engineering
Telecommunication Engineering
Instrumentation Engineering
Biotechnology Engineering	Rs 3,00,000 - Rs 10,80,000
Chemical Engineering
Industrial Engineering	Rs 3,00,000 - Rs 10,80,000
Manufacturing Engineering
Civil Engineering	Rs 3,60,000 - Rs 10,80,000
Structural Engineering
Biomedical Engineering	Rs 3,00,000 - Rs 9,00,000

Distance M.Tech Course:

Post-Pandemic, Distance Education Courses have become popular among students.  As per assumption, the students who are seeking an M.Tech degree may also be looking for Distance education Options. Let us tell you something which will help you to get saved from the fraudulence of some so-called Distance M.Tech Colleges - Engineering Courses are technical courses and these courses need not be taught in distance mode as the course's curriculum needs practical training which cannot be attained through distance mode. So the Distance M.Tech course is not approved by AICTE (All India Council of Technical Education) and any B.Tech or M.Tech degree which is not approved by AICTE is nothing but just another piece of paper. Any course or college that offers a Distance M.Tech course may be fraudulent or fake.

Difference Between Master of Engineering and Master of Technology:

M.Tech and M.E both are postgraduate programs offered in the discipline of Engineering & Technology. Both of these postgraduate degrees are equivalent to each other and they also offer the same career prospects to the candidates. But the similarity between these two courses gave existence to the questions - “Which is Better M.Tech or M.E ?”, “What is the difference between M.Tech and M.E?”, “What should I do M.Tech or M.E?” 

As already M.Tech and M.E degrees are equivalent and lead you to the same career path. However, there is a slight difference in the approach of these courses. To give you a better idea about the difference between Master of Technology and Master of Engineer, we have differentiated these two courses in the table mentioned below:

M.Tech Vs ME Course:

M.Tech	M.E
The m tech full form is Master of Technology.	The full form of the M.E course is Master of Engineering.
The Curriculum of an M.Tech course emphasizes the practical aspects of engineering. In other words, it is a skill-oriented course that imparts practical knowledge to the students.	The curriculum of an M.E course focuses on theoretical aspects of engineering.
M.Tech course emphasizes practical exposure to the various principles of engineering.	M.E focuses on the in-depth conceptualization of the facts and research.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q. What is the full form of M.Tech?
Ans: The full form of M.Tech is Master of Technology.

Q. What is the duration of an M.Tech Course?
Ans: The duration of a regular M.Tech Course is 2 Years.

Q. What is the Eligibility for an M.Tech Course?

Ans: The basic eligibility criteria required to be fulfilled by all the candidates are as follows :

• B.Tech/B.E/MCA/M.Sc Degree in the relevant discipline obtained from an AICTE and UGC recognized university.
• 50%-60% aggregate marks in the graduation

Q. Which are the Top 5 M.Tech Colleges in India?

Ans: As per NIRF Rankings, The top 5  public (Autonomous) M.Tech Colleges in India are as follows:

1. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras 
2. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi 
3. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay
4. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur 
5. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur 

 These are the top 5 private M.Tech Colleges ranked by NIRF:

1. Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore
2. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore
3. Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala
4. Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS) Pilani
5. Amity University, Noida

Q. Which stream is best for an M.tech Course?

Ans: To pursue an M.Tech degree, you must have completed your 10+2 from the Science stream with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics as the main subjects. After that, you need to pursue a 4-year B.Tech Course to become eligible for an M.Tech Course. 

Q. What is the average salary of an M.Tech graduate?

Ans: The average salary of an M.Tech graduate is Rs 5 L.P.A to Rs 6.74 L.P.A

Q. Which is the best M.tech Specialization?

Ans: The following is the list of the best M.Tech specializations:

• Software Engineering.
• Distributed Computing.
• Advanced Computing.
• Power Systems.
• Instrumentation & Control Systems.
• Micro Electronics and VLSI Design.
• Thermal Engineering.

Q. Which is better, M.E or M.Tech?

Ans: M.E and M.Tech are both equivalent degrees, they are considered equal in the job market. However, there is a slight difference in the approach of these courses, the M.Tech course is more skill-oriented than an M.E course, that is why most of the engineering colleges in India offer M.Tech courses.

Q. Is it mandatory to qualify for the GATE Entrance Exam for the M.Tech Course?

Ans: No, It is not mandatory to qualify for the GATE Entrance Exam to pursue an M.Tech Course. Many colleges offer admissions to M.Tech admissions based on your performance in graduation exams or based on any other university or state-level entrance exam. If a candidate aspires to get admission into an IIT, NIT, or any other renowned institution, then you have to qualify for the GATE entrance exam.

Q. Can I do M.Tech After an MCA course?

Ans: Yes, You can pursue an M.Tech course after completing an MCA Course. You can apply for courses like M.Tech in Computer Science & Engineering, M.Tech in IT, M.Tech in Data Analytics, etc.

Q. Can I Do an M.Tech Course After M.Sc?

Ans: Yes, You can pursue an M.Tech Course in specializations such as Biotechnology, Computer Science & Engineering if you hold an M.Sc degree in a relevant subject such as Biotechnology, Biology or computer science respectively.