HP Board 10th Syllabus 2025: Himachal Pradesh Board 10th Syllabus covers all the important subjects and topics that are required for any student to understand the basics.
The subjects which a student has to study in the HP Board 10th Syllabus are given below:-
Elective Subjects in HP Board 10th Syllabus:
For elective subjects in HPBOSE 10th Syllabus 2025, students can select any one subject from both groups II (A) and II (B) respectively.
Group II (A)
Group II (B)
Himachal Pradesh Board 10th Exam Pattern
Mathematics
Unit No |
Unit Name |
Marks |
---|---|---|
1 |
Number Systems |
06 |
2 |
Algebra |
20 |
3 |
Coordinate Geometry |
06 |
4 |
Geometry |
15 |
5 |
Trigonometry |
12 |
6 |
Mensuration |
10 |
7 |
Statistics & Probability |
11 |
Total |
|
80 Marks |
HP Board 10th Syllabus Mathematics:
1. Real Numbers:- Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic – statements after reviewing work done earlier and after illustrating and motivating through examples, Euclid’s division lemma, Proofs of results – irrationality of √2, √3, √5, decimal expansions of rational numbers in terms of terminating/non-terminating recurring decimals
2. Algebra:- Polynomials – Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials, Zeros of a polynomial, Statement, and simple problems on division algorithm for polynomials with real coefficients.
Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables
Quadratic Equations:- a. The standard form of a quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0, (a ≠ 0), Solution of the quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization, by completing the square and by using the quadratic formula, Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots. b. Situational problems based on quadratic equations related to day-to-day activities to be incorporated.
Arithmetic Progressions:- Motivation for studying Arithmetic Progression Derivation of the nth term and sum of the first n terms of A.P. and their application in solving daily life problems.
3. Coordinate Geometry - Lines (In two-dimensions) – Concept of coordinate geometry, graphs of linear equations, Distance formula, Section formula (internal division), Area of a triangle
4. Geometry:- Triangles
Definitions, examples, and counterexamples of similar triangles.
Circles
Tangents to a circle motivated by chords drawn from points coming closer and closer to the point.
Constructions
5. Trigonometry
Introduction To Trigonometry:- Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their existence (well defined); motivate the ratios, whichever are defined at 0° and 90°. Values (with proofs) of the trigonometric ratios of 30°, 45°, and 60°, Relationships between the ratios.
Trigonometric Identities:- Proof and applications of the identity sin2A + cos2A = 1, only simple identities to be given, Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles.
Heights and Distances:- Simple and believable problems on heights and distances, Problems should not involve more than two right triangles. Angles of elevation/depression should be only 30°, 45°, and 60°.
6. Mensuration
Areas Related to Circles:- Motivate the area of a circle; area of sectors and segments of a circle. Problems based on areas and perimeter/circumference of the above-said plane figures. (In calculating the area of a segment of a circle, problems should be restricted to the central angle of 60°, 90°, and 120° only. Plane figures involving triangles, simple quadrilateral, and circles should be taken).
Surface Areas and Volumes:-
7. Statistics and Probability
HPBOSE 10th Syllabus Science – Exam Pattern 2025
Unit No |
Unit Name |
Marks |
---|---|---|
1 |
Chemical Substance - Nature and Behaviour |
25 |
2 |
World of Living |
23 |
3 |
Natural Phenomena |
12 |
4 |
Effects of Current |
13 |
5 |
Natural Resources |
07 |
Total |
|
80 Marks |
HP Board Class 10th Syllabus for Science:
1. Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour
Chemical Reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, neutralization, oxidation, and reduction.
Acids, Bases, and Salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions, General properties, examples, and uses, the concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required), the importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris.
Metals And Non-metals: Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; Formation and properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention.
Carbon Compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds, versatile nature of carbon, Homologous series. Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes, and alkynes), the difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, and addition and substitution reaction). Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses), soaps and detergents
Periodic Classification Of Elements: Need for classification, early attempts at classification of elements (Dobereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of Octaves, Mendeleev’s Periodic Table), Modern periodic table, gradation in properties, valency, atomic number, metallic and non-metallic properties.
2. World of Living
Life processes: ‘Living Being’, the basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport, and excretion in plants and animals.
Control and Co-Ordination in Animals and Plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones;
Control and Co-Ordination In Animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary, and reflex action; Chemical Co-Ordination: animal hormones.
Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive health-need and methods of family planning, Safe sex vs. HIV/AIDS, Childbearing, and women’s health.
Heredity and Evolution: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief introduction; Basic concepts of evolution.
3. Natural Phenomena
Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, center of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification.
Refraction; Laws of refraction, refractive index, Refraction of light by the spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification, Power of a lens.
Functioning of a lens in the human eye, defects of vision and their corrections, applications of spherical mirrors and lenses, Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications in daily life.
4. Effects of Current
Effects Of Current: Electric current, potential difference, and electric current. Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of resistors, the parallel combination of resistors, and its applications in daily life. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life. Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I, and R.
Magnetic Effects Of Current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current-carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on the current-carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, Electric Motor, Electromagnetic induction. The induced potential difference, Induced current. Fleming’s Right Hand Rule, Electric Generator, Direct current. Alternating current: frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC. Domestic electric circuits.
5. Natural Resources
Sources Of Energy: Different forms of energy, conventional and non-conventional sources of energy: Fossil fuels, solar energy; biogas; wind, water, and tidal energy; Nuclear energy. Renewable versus non-renewable sources of Energy.
Our Environment: Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion, waste production, and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances.
Management Of Natural Resources: Conservation and judicious use of natural resources. Forest and wildlife; Coal and Petroleum conservation. Examples of people’s participation in the conservation of natural resources. Big dams: advantages and limitations; alternatives, if any. Water harvesting. Sustainability of natural resources.
HPBOSE 10th Syllabus English – Exam Pattern
There are three sections in the HP board Class 10 English subject:-
Section – A |
Reading |
20 Marks |
---|---|---|
Section – B |
Writing Skills with Grammar |
30 Marks |
Section – C |
Literature Textbook and Extended Reading Text |
30 Marks |
Total |
|
80 Marks |
English – Section A
Factual Passage |
A Factual passage that consists of 300-350 words with eight Very Short Answer Type Questions. |
Discursive Passage |
A Discursive passage consists of 350-400 words with four Short Answer Type Questions to test inference, evaluation, and analysis, and four MCQs to test vocabulary. |
English – Section B
Letter Writing |
Formal letter complaint / Inquiry / Letter to the editor / placing order / article in about 100-120 words. All the questions will be thematically based on the prescribed books. |
To write a Short Story |
Students have to write a short story based on the given outline or cue/s in about 150-200 words. |
Grammar |
The Grammar syllabus incorporates the following: Tenses Use of passive voice Modals (have to/had to, must, should, need, ought to and their negative forms) Subject-verb concord Reporting Commands and requests. Statements. Questions. 6. Clauses: Noun clauses Adverb clauses of condition and time Relative clauses 7. Determiners 8. Prepositions |
Gap Filling |
Gap filling will be asked with one or two words to test Prepositions, Articles, Conjunctions, and Tenses. |
Sentence Editing |
Editing or omission. Sentences reordering or Sentence Transformation in context |
English – Section C
Four VSAQ’s |
One out of the two extracts from prose/poetry/play for reference to context. |
Four SAQ’s |
Questions from the Literature Reader to examine the local and global comprehension of theme and ideas (30-40 words each) |
One LAQ’s |
One out of the two long answer types of questions to check how the values inherent in the text have been brought out. Creativity, imagination, and extrapolation beyond the text and across the texts will be checked (100-120 words). |
One VLAQ’s (Should choose any one from the two questions) |
Question on theme or plot involving the interpretation, inference, and character, in about 200-250 words based on the prescribed novel text for extended reading. |
Social Science – Exam Pattern
Unit No |
Unit Name |
Marks |
---|---|---|
1 |
India and the Contemporary World – II |
20 |
2 |
Contemporary India – II |
20 |
3 |
Democratic Politics – II |
20 |
4 |
Understanding Economic Development |
20 |
Total |
|
80 Marks |
HP Board Class 10th Syllabus for Social Science:
History
India and the Contemporary World – II
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe:
Nationalism in India:
The Making of a Global World:
The Age of Industrialization:
Print Culture and the Modern World:
Geography
Measures
Forest and Wildlife
Water Resources:
Agriculture:
Minerals and Energy Resources
What is a mineral?
Manufacturing Industries:
Life Lines of National Economy:
Democratic Politics
Power Sharing:
Federalism:
Democracy and Diversity:
Gender, Religion, and Caste:
Popular Struggles and Movements:
Political Parties:
Outcomes of Democracy:
Challenges to Democracy:
Economics
Development:
Sectors of the Indian Economy:
Money and Credit:
Globalization and the Indian Economy:
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